台北盆地高臭氧污染与

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台北盆地高臭氧污染与
气象变化之相关
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Abstract
High levels of ozone occur frequently in Taipei, with the
peak concentration appearing at noon. Favorable
meteorological conditions are extremely important in
explaining the observed episodes at stations located in
central Taipei. Liu et al. (Atmospheric Environment24A,
1461-1472, 1990)have proposed that the existence of a
simplified local land-sea breeze circulation helps to form a
temporal stagnant environment during morning hourwhich
is conductive to the photochemical production and
accumulation of oxidants. In this paper, the authors focus on
analysing the relationship between the morning stagnant
condition and the local diurnal circulation, and hope to set
up a proper procedure for episode forecast.
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Through a detailed comparison of the surface meteorological data observed on the
ozone episode days and those collected on the low ozone days, it is found that
intensified temperature increases, high percentage of low cloud cover, no
precipitation, clockwise change of wind direction and a high percentage of low
wind speed from sunrise to noon, are the crucial parameters accompanying the
noontime high levels of ozone. These findings are further clarified through an
intensive observation program during 1989.The analyses of the intensive
observation data suggest that the morning stagnant condition occurs due to a
transition of flow divergence after sunrise to a flow convergence at noon in the
basin.The major causes of such a transition are the diabatic solar heating and an
efficient city heat accumulation which is characterized by an enhanced
temperature gradient between the surrounding mountains and the basin during
hours of large sea-land temperature gradient, in addition to the nighttime radiative
cooling. Significant convective activities are observed in the afternoon. All these
findings are combined into a proposed procedure for ozone episode forecast, in
which the identification of a favorable synoptic environment allowing a
significant development of local circulation is the first crucial step toward a
successful prediction.
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